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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kigiran</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Oriental Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Oriental Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2619-0990</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1008</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (KalmSC RAS)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2619-0990-2020-47-1-150-163</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kigiran-2273</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОЧНИКОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOURCE STUDY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О текстах из астрологического сборника калмыцкого зурхачи (предварительные замечания)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Texts from One Kalmyk Astrological Collection Revisited:  Preliminary Notes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8619-9369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Музраева</surname><given-names>Деляш Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muzraeva</surname><given-names>Delyash N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Калмыцкий научный центр РАН </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Philology), Leading Research Associate</p><p>8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deliash@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Калмыцкий научный центр РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kalmy&#13;
k Scientific Center of the RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Музраева Д.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Музраева Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muzraeva D.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2273">https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2273</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В любом этносе, в любой культуре во все времена забота о здоровье членов этноса является важной проблемой. То значение, которое придавали калмыки и их этнические предки ойраты физическому здоровью всех представителей народа, фиксируется разными источниками, среди которых сочинения медицинского содержания («Чжуд-ши», комментарии к нему, «лхантабы» и др.), к которым можно отнести близкие по назначению тексты дхарани, а также астрологические сборники. Методы, исследуемые образцы, материалы. В разработке данной проблематики мы основывались на текстологическом анализе сборника текстов на «тодо бичиг», включающих фрагменты на тибетском языке, а также обратились к методам вспомогательных исторических дисциплин. Результаты. Если в собственно медицинских текстах излагались конкретные методы диагностики и лечения различных болезней, то в астрологических произведениях описывались превентивные меры и рекомендации для сохранения здоровья и благополучия в обществе. Коллекции буддийских письменных памятников, сохранившиеся к началу XXI в. в Калмыкии, отличаются друг от друга подбором текстов, их тематикой, предназначением, поскольку принадлежали священнослужителям, получившим религиозное образование в одной из областей религиозных практик (медицине, астрологии и собственно буддийской книжности). Одним из образцов таких текстов является сборник, некогда принадлежавший астрологу по имени Борлга Утнасна Серкш (пос. Чкаловский Кетченеровского района Республики Калмыкия). Сборник включает в себя отдельные самостоятельные произведения, тематические подборки текстов и графические изображения. Калмыцкие астрологи рассматривали периоды жизни человека в соответствии с буддийскими знаниями и представлениями о составе жизни, согласно которым принимались во внимание даты начала года, места года в 12-летнем животном цикле, периоде пяти стихий (или первоэлементов), мэнгэ (врожденных отметин) и т. п. Важное значение в астрологической практике придается устранению препятствий от несоответствия годов рождения жениха и невесты, даются предписания относительно того, какое божество соответствует брачующимся, что следует предпринять, если жених и невеста по году рождения не подходят друг другу (ойр. xarši). Заключение. Рассмотренные тексты являются ценным источником изучения истории деятельности калмыцких зурхачи и в то же время позволяют составить представление в целом о народе, о том, какие нормы поведения и основания для принятия решений предписывала им астрология, каким образом она аккумулировала нормы и правила отношения к миру и ориентирования в мире, выработанные в буддийском вероучении в целом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Concerns for the health of community members are universally widespread and most essential at all times. The significance attached by the Kalmyks and their ethnic ancestors Oirats to the nation’s physical health can be traced in various sources, including medical essays (Gyu-zhi and related comments, lhantabs, etc.), dhāraṇī texts and astrological collections. Materials and Methods. The paper introduces a textual analysis of the mentioned Clear Script (Oirat-language) collection containing minor Tibetan-language fragments, and employs research methods of auxiliary historical disciplines. Results. While purely medical texts prescribed specific diagnostic and healing methods, astrological works tended to focus on preventive measures and recommendations for maintaining health and social well-being. Available Kalmykia-based collections of Buddhist written monuments once owned by priests with differing Buddhist expertise (medicine, astrology, and philosophy proper) — also differ structurally, thematically, and functionally. One such collection used to belong to the astrologer Borlga Utnasna Serksh (Chkalovsky village, Ketchenerovsky District, Kalmykia), and includes separate independent works, thematic clusters of texts, and graphic images. Kalmyk astrologers considered periods of human life in accordance with Buddhist knowledge and ideas of life components that emphasized — when it came to a certain individual and his/her birth circumstances — respective new year (Oriental) dates, place of a year in the 12-year animal cycle, actual period of the five (or primary) elements, menge (congenital marks), etc. In astrological practices, special attention was (and still is) paid to the removal of ‘obstacles’ resulting from the ‘disharmony’ (Oir. xarši) between bride and groom’s birth years (and what should be done thereto); the latter also received recommendations explaining which deity was supposed to bless the marriage. Conclusions. The examined texts are a valuable historical source providing insights into actual practices of Kalmyk astrologers (Kalm. zurхači) and ethnic standards of behavior prescribed by astrology, and how the latter accumulated worldview attitudes and orientation patterns developed by Buddhist dogma at large.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>буддизм</kwd><kwd>астрологический сборник</kwd><kwd>калмыцкий зурхачи</kwd><kwd>рукопись</kwd><kwd>«тодо бичиг» («ясное письмо»)</kwd><kwd>тибетский язык</kwd><kwd>Зая-пандита Намкай Джамцо</kwd><kwd>тарни</kwd><kwd>предписания</kwd><kwd>рекомендации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Buddhism</kwd><kwd>astrological collection</kwd><kwd>Kalmyk astrologer</kwd><kwd>manuscript</kwd><kwd>Clear Script</kwd><kwd>Tibetan language</kwd><kwd>Zaya Pandita Namkhaijamts</kwd><kwd>dhāraṇī</kwd><kwd>instructions</kwd><kwd>recommendations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта в форме субсидии из федерального бюджета, выделяемой для государственной поддержки научных исследований, проводимых под руководством ведущего ученого (проект «От палеогенетики до культурной антропологии: комплексное интердисциплинарное исследование традиций народов трансграничных регионов: миграции, межкультурное взаимодействие и картина мира»).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The reported study was funded by government grant in the form of federal budget subsidy aimed to support scientific research directed by the Leading Scientist — project name ‘From Paleogenetics to Cultural Anthropology: Comprehensive Interdisciplinary Research of Peoples and Traditions of Cross-Border Regions — Migrations, Cross-Cultural Interactions and Worldviews’.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астрологический сборник ― Сборник астрологических текстов из личной коллекции Я. 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