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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kigiran</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Oriental Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Oriental Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2619-0990</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1008</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (KalmSC RAS)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2619-0990-2024-73-3-632-643</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kigiran-5463</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭТНОЛОГИЯ И АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ETHNOLOGY / ANTHROPOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антропология финно-угорских народов: вопросы пигментации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anthropology of the Finno-Ugric Peoples: The Question of Pigmentation in the Aspect of Application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-3174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаубермезов</surname><given-names>Мурат Алиевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhaubermezov</surname><given-names>Murat A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудниккандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Biology), Senior Research AssociateCand. Sc. (Biology), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murat-kbr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Екомасова</surname><given-names>Наталья Вадимовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ekomasova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Biology), Docent, Senior Research Associate Cand. Sc. (Biology), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trofimova_nata_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-4163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чагаров</surname><given-names>Онгар Салихович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chagarov</surname><given-names>Ongar S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>эколог первой категории </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>First category ecologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chagarov89@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4702-1314</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токарева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokareva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina_tokareva_1997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1575-2642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габидуллина</surname><given-names>Лилия Рафисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabidullina</surname><given-names>Liliya R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liliya.gab@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5416-2214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суфьянова</surname><given-names>Земфира Раиловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sufyanova</surname><given-names>Zemfira R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zemfira.sufyanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9600-5468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хидиятова</surname><given-names>Ирина Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khidiyatova</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, заведующий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, IBG, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imkhid@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-3334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Эльза Камилевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>Elza K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующийдоктор биологических наук, и. о. директора </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (Biology), Professor, Head Dr. Sc. (Biology), Acting Director, IBG, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elzakh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский университет науки и технологий (д. 32, ул. Заки Валиди, 450076 Уфа, Российская Федерация)&#13;
 Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (д. 71, пр. Октября, 450054 Уфа, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology (32, Zaki Validi str., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation)&#13;
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский университет науки и технологий (д. 32, ул. Заки Валиди, 450076 Уфа, Российская Федерация)&#13;
Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (д. 71, пр. Октября, 450054 Уфа, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology (32, Zaki Validi str., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation)&#13;
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт и Музей антропологии имени Д. Н. Анучина МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова (д. 11, ул. Моховая, 125009 Москва, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. N. Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (11, Mokhovaya str., 125009 Moscow, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (д. 71, пр. Октября, 450054 Уфа, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский университет науки и технологий (д. 32, ул. Заки Валиди, 450076 Уфа, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology (32, Zaki Validi str., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский университет науки и технологий (д. 32, ул. Заки Валиди, 450076 Уфа, Российская Федерация)&#13;
Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (д. 71, пр. Октября, 450054 Уфа, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology (32, Zaki Validi St., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation)&#13;
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054, Ufa, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>632</fpage><lpage>643</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Джаубермезов М.А., Екомасова Н.В., Чагаров О.С., Токарева Е.А., Габидуллина Л.Р., Суфьянова З.Р., Хидиятова И.М., Хуснутдинова Э.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джаубермезов М.А., Екомасова Н.В., Чагаров О.С., Токарева Е.А., Габидуллина Л.Р., Суфьянова З.Р., Хидиятова И.М., Хуснутдинова Э.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dzhaubermezov M.A., Ekomasova N.V., Chagarov O.S., Tokareva E.A., Gabidullina L.R., Sufyanova Z.R., Khidiyatova I.M., Khusnutdinova E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5463">https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5463</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Географической особенностью Волго-Уральского региона является его расположение на границе Европы и Азии, что вместе с соседством с Прикаспийскими степями, Предкавказьем и Сибирью послужило формированию множества миграционных и торговых путей, связывающих эти регионы в различные исторические периоды, что в свою очередь отразилось на этногенезе народов региона. Генетические особенности, лежащие в основе наследования особенностей пигментации человека, являются предметом активного изучения молекулярными и популяционными генетиками. Целью данной работы является изучение распространения аллелей и генотипов полиморфных вариантов rs12913832 гена HERC2 и rs1042602 гена TYR в популяциях мордвы и удмуртов. Материалы и методы. Материалом служила ДНК, выделенная из периферической крови удмуртов (N=95) и мордвы (N=59). Забор крови осуществлялся после подписания информированного согласия на участие в научном исследовании. Был проведен сравнительный анализ между исследованными популяциями и популяциями мира. Результаты. В ходе нашего исследования были выявлены статистически значимые различия (р≤0,05) в распределении частот аллелей и генотипов полиморфных вариантов rs12913832 гена HERC2 и rs1042602 гена TYR в популяциях мордвы и удмуртов. Результаты исследования согласуются с данными антропологов по анализируемым этносам и являются важным звеном в изучении этногенеза финно-пермских популяций России. Выводы. Эти особенности распределения частоты аллелей генов меланогенеза мордвы и удмуртов следует учитывать при популяционно-генетических, этнологических, а также в ассоциативных и фармакогенетических исследованиях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The geographical feature of the Volga-Ural region is its location on the border of Europe and Asia, which, together with the proximity to the Caspian steppes, Ciscaucasia and Siberia, facilitated as the formation of many migration and trade routes connecting these regions in different historical periods, which in turn affected the ethnogenesis of the peoples of the region. Genetic features underlying the inheritance of human pigmentation features are the subject of active study by molecular and population geneticists. Goals. The work aims to study the distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic variants rs12913832 of the HERC2 gene and rs1042602 of the TYR gene in the Mordvin and Udmurt populations. Materials and methods. The investigated material includes DNA isolated from the peripheral blood of Udmurts (N = 95) and Mordvins (N = 59). Blood sampling was performed after signing an informed consent to participate in the scientific study. A comparative analysis was conducted between the studied populations and populations of the world. Results. Our study revealы statistically significant differences (p≤0.05) in the distribution of allele frequencies and genotypes of polymorphic variants of rs12913832 of the HERC2 gene and rs1042602 of the TYR gene in the Mordvin and Udmurt populations. The results of the study are consistent with the data of anthropologists on the analyzed ethnic groups and are an important link in the study of the ethnogenesis of the Finno-Permian populations of Russia. Conclusions. These features of the distribution of allele frequencies of melanogenesis genes in the Mordvins and Udmurts should be taken into account in population genetic, ethnological, as well as in associative and pharmacogenetic studies. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пигментация</kwd><kwd>меланин</kwd><kwd>удмурты</kwd><kwd>мордва</kwd><kwd>радужная оболочка</kwd><kwd>HERC2</kwd><kwd>TYR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pigmentation</kwd><kwd>melanin</kwd><kwd>Udmurts</kwd><kwd>Mordvins</kwd><kwd>iris</kwd><kwd>HERC2</kwd><kwd>TYR</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ № 075-03-2024-123/1 и поддержано грантом Министерства образования и науки Республики Башкортостан (Соглашение № 1 от 14 августа 2023 г. ), а также в рамках программой поддержки биоресурсных коллекций (Коллекция биологических материалов человека, Институт биохимии и генетики,Уфимский федеральный исследовательский центр РАН).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by government assignment (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia), project no. 075-03-2024-123/1, and granted by the Ministry of Education and Science of Bashkortostan, Agreement no. 1 of 14 August 2023. 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