‘This Is to Grant You, Our Subject, a Merciful Favor of Ours and Inaugurate as Khan of the Kalmyks’. The 1737 Ceremony of Proclaiming Donduk Ombo Khan
https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2019-44-4-627-633
Abstract
Introduction. The article examines an understudied episode in the history of the Kalmyk Khanate — the ceremony of proclaiming Donduk Ombo Khan of the Kalmyk people. Goals. The paper aims to introduce into scientific discourse some newly discovered archival materials covering the period of Donduk Ombo Khan’s rule (1735–1741). Results. The successful participation of the Kalmyks in the Russo-Turkish War of 1735–1739 actualized the issue that the Russian Government should satisfy political ambitions of the viceroy Donduk Ombo. Confirmation if his status as Khan not only implied a certain consolidation of Kalmyk society but was also to guarantee further involvement of Kalmyk troops in the war. The concentration of powers in the hands of Donduk Ombo had a positive impact on the Kalmyk Khanate since after the prolonged period of internal feuds, the traditional administrative system was being restored, and uluses (districts) were being reestablished. The Kalmyk population also showed decently positive attitudes towards the installed political stability in the khanate, especially appreciated after the experienced civil war and times of vagrancy in the lands of Kuban. Still, the mentioned course of policy was evidently resisted by the majority of Kalmyk landlords. And the khanate’s internal political processes directly depended upon the relations between Kalmyk landlords and Russia, the latter seeking to consolidate powers among the Kalmyks in the hands of one ruler by granting him the title of Khan. However, the lack of a corresponding confirmation certificate supposed to have been issued by the 7th Dalai Lama resulted in that Kalmyk society viewed Donduk Ombo’s status and position as somewhat semi-legitimate. So, after the credentials received from Empress Anna Ioannovna were proclaimed, the newly established Khan of the Kalmyks immediately started arranging a mission to Lhasa.
About the Author
Vladimir T. Tepkeev
Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sc. (History), Senior Research Associate
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Review
For citations:
Tepkeev V. ‘This Is to Grant You, Our Subject, a Merciful Favor of Ours and Inaugurate as Khan of the Kalmyks’. The 1737 Ceremony of Proclaiming Donduk Ombo Khan. Oriental Studies. 2019;12(4):627-633. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2019-44-4-627-633
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