To the History of Creation of the Public Prosecutor’s Office of Kalmykia in 1922

Abstract

The article reviews the history of creation and an establishment of the public prosecutor’s office in the territory of Kalmyk Autonomous Region in 1922. In the modern historical studies there is little data on the issue and this fact leads to different misinterpretations. The first part of the given article shortly describes the Soviet judicial system during Civil War of 1917-1921. It also analyzes its features, weak points and failures caused by the war as well as the reasons which led to the judicial reform in 1922 and contributed to the creation of public prosecution in Kalmyk autonomous region. On the basis of archive material, the most part of which is authentic in respect of the scientific value, the author reveals the features and peculiarities of prosecution activity in the region, analyses the results of the first month of its operation. A special attention is given to the work of prosecutor assistant Dmitry Elnitsky who executed the duties of regional prosecutor and greatly contributed to the formation and complementing the staff. Despite the fact that Elnitsky executed his duties on previous place of work in revolutionary tribunal he fulfilled faithfully his commitments in Prosecutor’s Office. Unfortunately, officially appointed Prosecutor Ivanov who wasn’t aware of the peculiarity of local nomadic way of life, ignored the results and achievements already made and started the implementation of his policy of prosecution which led to the dominance of bureaucracy and loss of an efficiency. Besides, he failed to get in contact with local Soviet Party organization and was given other job appointment as his successor. Only with a new local prosecutor the work of the prosecution office became efficient.