Problems of «Planned Settlers»’ Returning to the Places of Former Residence until the 1940s
Abstract
The article continues to study the complicated issue of forced migrations in the period of war of 1941-1945. Special attention is paid to the return of spetspereselenetsy (pl.), (special settler, a person deported by the Soviet government and obliged to live in a given locality under supervision of the Ministry of Internal affairs (NKVD, later MVD), and the «planned settlers» to their former places of residence until the 1940s. The article is based on the intersection of history, sociology, and psychology. The focus of the research has been on the deportees, who were transported against their own will according to the so called «planned resettlement» leaving their homes and settling in the territory of residence of the repressed peoples by entire collective farms. As the research showed the fate of both categories of people remained hard because of the ongoing war, economic difficulties, labour shortage for the restoration of the ruined economic sector, broken pre-war ties between the regions of the country. The restoration of historical justice played a positive role and gave some hope to people for a new life. Afterwards under difficult circumstances both former special settlers, and «planned settlers», had to build their homes again, to restore economy, to revive the culture. At the same time the new system of ethnic relations was being formed.
References
1. [Collected Decrees and Enactments of the Workers and Peasants’ Government of the USSR: 1935]. Moscow, 1947. 1033 p. (In Russ.)
2. Russian State Archive of Contemporary History.
3. Russian State Archive of Economy.
4. Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History.
5. State Archive of the Russian Federation.
6. [‘By the Decision of the Soviet Government …’]. Nalchik, 2003. 928 p. (In Russ.)
7. [Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party and the National Question]. Vol. 2: 1933–1945. Moscow, 2009. 1096 p. (In Russ.)
8. [Deportation of the Crimean Peoples: Documents, Facts, Comments]. Moscow, 2002. 240 p. (In Russ.)
9. [Forced Resettlement of the Crimean Tatars: Path towards Rehabilitation]. N. Bugay (comp., foreword, etc.). Moscow, 2015. 256 p. (In Russ.)
10. [National Policy of the Soviet State: Repressions against Nations and Problems of Revival]. Elista, 2003. 257 p. (In Russ.)
11. [Political Repressions in Kalmykia: 1920s – 1940s]. Coll. scholarly papers. Elista, 2003. 208 p. (In Russ.)
12. [Rehabilitation of Russia’s Peoples]. Coll. documents. Moscow, 2000. 448 p. (In Russ.)
13. [Turks from Meskhetia: the Long Path to Rehabilitation]. N. F. Bugay (comp., foreword.). Moscow, 1994. 161 p. (In Russ.)
14. Bakaev P. D. [Reflecting on the Genocide]. Elista, 1992. 115 p. (In Russ.)
15. Bugay N. F. [Operation Ulusy]. Elista, 1991. 88 p. (In Russ.)
16. Bugay N. F. [Rehabilitation of Russia’s Repressed Citizens: 20th – Early 21st Centuries]. Moscow, 2006. 464 p. (In Russ.)
17. Bugay N. F. ‘Looking forward to Receiving a Just Decision of Yours…’: excerpts from letters of special settlers. Druzhba narodov. 1993. No. 8. Pp. 196–199. (In Russ.)
18. Bugay N. F. Deportation of the Kalmyk people revisited. Teegin gerl. 1990. No. 3. Pp. 20–29. (In Russ.)
19. Bugay N. F., Gonov A. M. [Caucasus: Nations in Trains, 1920s – 1960s]. Moscow, 1998. 368 p. (In Russ.)
20. Bugay N. F., Gonov A. M. [North Caucasus: Borders, Conflicts, Refugees]. Rostov-on-Don, 1997. 204 p. (In Russ.)
21. Dyachenko L. N. [Deported Peoples in Kyrgyzstan: Problems of Adaptation and Rehabilitation]. Dr.Sc. (history) thesis. Frunze, 2013. 344 p. (In Russ.)
22. Khunagov A. S. [Deportation of Peoples from Krasnodar Krai and Stavropol Region: 1920s –1950s]. Maykop, 1998. 170 p. (In Russ.)
23. Maksimov K. N. [Great Patriotic War: Kalmykia and the Kalmyks]. Moscow, 2010. 406 p. (In Russ.)
24. Maksimov K. N. [Kalmykia in the Soviet Era: Policy and Realia]. Elista, 2013. 464 p. (In Russ.)
25. Maksimov K. N. [Tragedy of the Nation: Repressions in Kalmykia, 1918–1940s]. Moscow, 2004. 311 p. (In Russ.)
26. Petrov N. V., Skorkin K. V. [NKVD Executives, 1934–1941: Reference Book]. Moscow, 1999. 503 p. (In Russ.)
27. Senyushkina T. Interethnic tension in the Crimea. In: [Ethnological Monitoring and Early Conflict Prevention Network]. Bulletin. 2000, March–April. Pp. 115–117. (In Russ.)
28. Sidorenko V. P. [NKVD Troops in the Caucasus, 1941–1945: a Historical Aspect]. Dr.Sc. (history) thesis abstract. St. Petersburg, 2000. 45 p. (In Russ.)
29. Ubushaev V. B. [Kalmyks: Deportation and Return, 1943–1957]. Elista, 1991. 96 p. (In Russ.)
30. Ubushaev V. B., Ubushaev K. V. [Kalmyks: Deportation, Return, Revival, 1943–1959]. Elista, 2007. 494 p. (In Russ.)
31. Vedomosti S”ezda narodnykh deputatov SSSR Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR. 1989. No. 25. 540 p. (In Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Bugai N... Problems of «Planned Settlers»’ Returning to the Places of Former Residence until the 1940s. Oriental Studies. 2015;8(4):43-53. (In Russ.)
Views:
295
Email this article 