Features Transmission Ethnocultural Specificity of the Folklore Text (on the Basis of Funds Fabulous Prose Ossetians)

With evidence from Ossetian fairy tale prose (magic fairy tales), the present work is the first attempt to consider expression of distinctive national components and features in translated texts. In addition to proverbs, sayings, phraseological units and interjections, realia-words also act as ‘expressers’ of unique national features in folklore texts. Realia-words usually comprise proper nouns, names of holidays, customs, dishes, beverages, clothes, dances, fairy tale and mythological characters, etc., i. e. words that basically bear some ethnocultural specificity. The work considers cases when partitive and full realia-words are used in folklore texts as well as means of their translation into the target language, reveals most optimal solutions for retaining the national color of the source text. In particular, on the basis of a comparative and contrastive analysis of the same texts in different languages the following means are considered: transformation / transliteration, analogous substitution, descriptive and calqued translation of lexical units. The research established that it is mechanical reproduction which provides optimal translation solutions when it comes to interpret words reflecting national and cultural distinctive features of a source text and comment on some ethnographic issues. To cross cultural hurdles translators often use the method of analogous substitution - substitution of original units by their analogues in the translation language - and that of descriptive translation (or explanatory translation) - explanation of the meaning of a realia-word. Such means of translation of culture-specific words may erase the national color but help express the denotative content of a realia. Cases of word-for-word translation of components of a foreign realia are quite rare in the translated magic fairy tales. Calque allowed the translators to avoid the excessive exoticism when depicting the national images (characters) of the original text.

fairy tale, folklore, culture-specific words, national color, analogue, translation transformation, realia-word

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