The article considers the role and the importance of the congresses of people in the social and
political life of Kalmykia of the early 90-ies of the XX century. The congresses of the people helped to identify the most signi0 cant problems for the Republic (political, economic, ethnic, cultural) at that period.

The article deals with some of the phonetic features of medieval Mongolian language in the context of language contacts and linguageographical analysis. The author focuses on the issues related to the development problems of historical phonetics of vowel and consonant, in particular the phenomenon of phonetic changes and modi0 cations.

The article is dedicated to the description and structural&semantic analysis of the particles of the Kalmyk language in the historical and comparative aspect based on text materials XVIII-XX centuries. The historical and comparative analysis of this part of speech revealed that in spite of disappearing some particles under the in| uence of different factors their quantity and functions are considerably expanded in the modern Kalmyk language.

The article contains the comment to the proper geographic names, presented in the songs of Kalmyk heroic epos «Dzhangar» among which there is the hydronium Ertses Bumba, by scientific tradition identi0 ed with the river name Irtysh. The author gives some name indications of the given hydronium in « the Secret History of Mongols » and the chronicle of Rashid-ad-Din. Analyzing
the etymologies of Irtysh hydronium, the author for the 0 rst time in the scienti0 c literature shows that Irtysh hydronium originates from the Yeniseic (Ket and others) languages.

This article is dedicated to study and reconstruction of outdated military vocabulary in the Kalmyk language. For comparison of lexical units the different sources and data of other Mongolian languages were analyzed.

The article is devoted to the research of the key problems connected with principles of verbal
classi0 cation and the theoretical status of a verb as a dominant of the sentence, directed on overcoming of understanding of a verb-predicate as purely relational essence deprived of the semantic maintenance, and working out of a technique of the modeling description of a base component of syntax as a system of nuclear verbal constructions.

The article is devoted to revealing of the various forms of expression of the subject of the gerunds
and participial constructions in the K. Erendzhenovs prose. There were found out that gerunds and participial constructions in the novel play a lead part in the creation of the individual style of the writer.

The article is devoted to the analysis of comparative constructions in the Kalmyk language based on stories by L.Indzhiev «Proklyatye dni» and «Bolsheviki». The author revealed the most frequent postpositions used in formation of comparative constructions, as well as their semantic groups and structure.

The article is dedicated to the description of meta-descriptions architecture of the texts forming
a National Corpus of the Kalmyk Language. The author analyzes a number of standards existing for description of metadata, and creates on the basis of contamination and modi0 cation their own system of attributes which are relevant to the functioning of the Kalmyk language.

The author describes a literary destiny of popular monument of Buddhist literature «The Sutra
of Wise and Fool» (<i>Dzangs blun zhes-bya-ba theg-pa chen-poi mdo</i>) untill 20th century on the materials of Tibetan, Old Mongolian and Oirat written sources.

The article is devoted to the description of some facts of biography of Kunken Jamyang Shadpa
I Ngawang Tsondu, the author of manuals of Drepung Gomang monastery, the founder of Labrang monastery.

The article examines the character of interaction of folklore elements and their functional load within the idiostyle of poet Gary Davaev on material of the poem «Altma». The author revealed that these elements perform several functions: compositional, textual and others, and also enrich the language of artistic work, creating nationaloriginal colour.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the poetic cycle «In the shadow of Confucius» by R. M. Khaninova where the dialogue with the philosopher is described. The author comes to the conclusion that the special signi0 cance of the whole cycle is not only in poets reconsidering ideas of antiquity but also in creating a certain way for reading the samples of Chinese didactics.

The article deals with a number of textual problems which are necessary to solve for scientifically adequate preparation of Kalmyk folklore collection. The Song recorded from the Don Kalmyk B.D. Obushinov «About the battle of the epical hero Ulan Khongr with Avlangi khan» was
taken for analysis.

The dynamic and static attributes of categories of space and time of the epic world-view of
Kalmyks are considered in the article. The analysis allows to draw a conclusion that the given basic categories re|ect in the sacral points of space and time such as center of world, beginning of times, etc.

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of the Kalmyk cumulative fairy-tales, their classi0 cation.
Three temporal text records of the cumulative fairy-tale «Sarin sarulla jovdge jovad» is analyzed. Complete synoptical comparison of three types of text has shown that the basis for plot and narration managed to follow the narrative line in spite of the presence of the verses which distinguish in these versions.

The article considers the national peculiarities of the Kalmyk folk fairy-tales represented in the local plot, in plot contaminations and framed plots. Their analysis shows that the Kalmyk folk fairy-tales re| ect the peculiarities of the Mongolian peoples perception of the world and ethnic world-view of Kalmyks formed in certain natural conditions and speci0 c terms of nomadic culture.

The article is devoted to the plot body of the Kalmyk fairy-tales. The analysis has shown that there are international and local plots in the Kalmyk folklore tradition.

The folklore of the Oirats of Xinjiang which absorbed the traditions and customs of the ancestors,
is re|ected their archaic world perception. The myths, legends and fairy-tales are folklore genre, revealing the ancient view about the origin of world.

The article gives information on water supply of the North-Western Caspian in the regions: Astrakhan District, the Republics of Kalmykia and Dagestan. The author concsiders that the reasons of low quality of water are poor state of the water pipe system and human impact.

The article considers one of the problems of ecological safety, being relevant for the Republic of Kalmykia - air pollution. There is a trend of increasing emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere.